Epidemiology of Post Infectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans patients at a tertiary Hospital in Argentina

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Background: Post infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is characterized as a chronic obstructive lung disease that follows a severe insult to the lower respiratory tract, resulting in fibrosis and obstruction of the small airways. In the pediatric population, the most common cause of PIBO is viral infection, mainly adenovirus. PIBO is more prevalent in South America. The aim of the study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical and functional characteristics of PIBO patients followed at Ricardo Gutierrez Children’s Hospital in Buenos Aires. Patients & Methods: A descriptive analysis of clinical records was conducted, reviewing clinical follow-ups for patients with confirmed diagnosis of PIBO at our center using the Redcap database. Results: We included 21 PIBO patients. The main results, expressed as median (IQR), are described in Table 1. Major clinical findings were: rigid thorax (71%), increased anteroposterior diameter (66%), cough (76%), shortness of breath with moderate exercise (67%). HRCT findings, after 2 years post-injury, were: mosaic attenuation (100%), atelectasis (76%), overdistension (76%), hyperlucency (71%) and bronchiectasis (85%). Conclusions: PIBO is a severe cause of chronic respiratory morbidity in pediatric populations. Early diagnosis and increased awareness of risk factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental exposure, are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. erj;66/suppl_69/PA4832/F1 F1 F1

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