Late Breaking Abstract - Changing Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Europe from 2020 until 2025

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Introduction: Understanding the landscape of etiology and associated clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is essential for guiding public health policies, personalizing CAP treatment and optimizing patient outcomes. This study aims to provide an overview of the evolving CAP etiology in Europe from February 2020 until April 2025. Methods: This is a multicenter, prospective, population-based, active observational study, enrolling patients aged >18 years hospitalized with CAP in >50 hospitals in Spain, France, Italy, Germany, United Kingdom and the Netherlands. This preliminary analysis includes participants included from February 2020 to April 2025. Microbiological tests were performed according to local standard of care. Urine samples were tested for Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) in all patients. Results: 7661 patients were included in this analysis. After the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, the prevalence of pneumococcal pneumonia remained low (Figure 1). Since mid 2022, S. pneumoniae was the most often detected pathogen in patients admitted for CAP. Trends in prevalence of Influenza A/B and RSV reflect the respiratory seasons. Conclusion: S. pneumoniae was the most detected pathogen in adults hospitalized with CAP after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Future analyses of trends in etiology over respiratory seasons are needed to further illustrate the changing landscape of CAP etiology. erj;66/suppl_69/PA6039/F1 F1 F1

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