Effect of 8-week exercise-based rehabilitation on immune cell counts in Post-COVID syndrome following hospitalisation: a randomised controlled trial.

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Introduction: Survivors of severe COVID-19 may exhibit immune dysregulation, characterised by reduced naïve and increased senescent and exhausted T cell populations (Lord et al. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:6). Regular exercise is associated with increased naïve and reduced exhausted and senescent T cell populations and therefore may help resolve post-COVID immune dysregulation. Aim: To explore, in participants with Post-COVID syndrome following hospitalisation, the effect of an 8-week exercise-based rehabilitation intervention on CD4 and CD8 T cells and subsets, compared with usual care. Methods: A sub-group of 31 participants (13 male) completed this assessor-blinded RCT, comparing an 8-week supervised intervention of individualised exercise and education (EX; n=13) with usual care (UC; n=18). T cell immunophenotyping via flow cytometry was performed at baseline and 8 weeks, and analysed using linear mixed models. Results: At 8 weeks, numbers of central memory CD4+T cells and naïve, central and effector memory CD8+T cells increased in EX only (Figure 1). Conclusions: Exercise-based rehabilitation could be a potential therapy for restoring post-COVID immune dysregulation. erj;66/suppl_69/OA6534/F1 F1 F1

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