Plasmodium falciparum clearance measured by microscopy and by qPCR after 7-day artesunate monotherapy treatment in Mali.

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Background Persisting malaria parasites in patients blood after artesunate treatment are not fully detectable by using microscopy in Africa. A more sensitive technic of qPCR might help to detect those parasite that might be resistant to the treatment. Methods in this study, both technics were used to measure the amount of persistant parasites after artesunate treatment in patients having malaria in two Malian villages. During 28 days of patients follow up, blood samples were collected and analyzed to determine the time that individuals parasitemia takes to disappear from the blood after treatment administration. Results A total of 221 patients were included from the two study sites. By microscopy, only 1.6% of the patients were having persisting parasites 72 hours after treatment in Faladjé village wile Bougoula-hameau patients had none. measured by the qPCR technic, 68% of Faladje patients had persisting parasites versus 40% in Bougoula-hameau. We show here a difference in parasite clearance time in two villages of Mali. At 72h after treatment, qPCR detected more persisting infections with a notable difference between the two villages.

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