Using Standardized Patient Simulation to Improve Nursing Students’ Perceptions, Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes About People Who Use Drugs and Opioid Overdose Prevention

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BACKGROUND: Harm reduction approaches are well-established public health interventions that can reduce mortality associated with substance use. Concepts related to harm reduction and overdose prevention have been virtually absent in the nursing education literature. PURPOSE: This study evaluated changes in nursing students' perceptions toward people who use drugs and knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes about overdose prevention following an opioid overdose prevention workshop utilizing simulation. METHODS: This study used a pre-postintervention design. Measurements included the Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire (DDPPQ), Opioid Overdose Attitudes Scale, and Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale. RESULTS: A total of 569 students participated in the workshop. Competence and readiness to manage an overdose increased among participants ( P < .01). While each DDPPQ subscale improved, the magnitude of change was most notable for role adequacy. CONCLUSIONS: Educational interventions centering a harm-reductionist approach can improve knowledge and attitudes toward overdose prevention and attitudes toward individuals who use drugs.

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