From gene discovery to molecular tool: Characterization of a sucrose regulator and diagnostic KASP marker development for high-sucrose peanut breeding

Résumé fourni par la source

Sucrose content dictates processing quality and consumer preference in edible peanuts, but its genetic control remains poorly characterized, limiting progress in breeding. In this study, using a breeding-informed F 2 population derived from a cross of high-sucrose germplasm JMT and elite cultivar Fushunsilihong (FSH) with normal-sucrose content, we integrated QTL mapping with functional genomics to decode the genetic architecture of sucrose accumulation. A major-effect locus (qSCB06) was precisely mapped to a 131-kb interval on chromosome B06 (148.03–148.16 Mb), accounting for 41.83 % of the phenotypic variance (PVE). Comprehensive variant-to-function analysis identified five genes harboring exonic mutations, with Arahy.3URM83 validated as a key sucrose regulator through tissue-specific qRT-PCR profiling. To translate genomic discovery into breeding tools, we developed two cost-effective KASP markers ( Arahy.06_115805462 and Arahy.06_148167024 ) that demonstrated 100 % genotyping accuracy of F 2 individuals validated by SNP sequencing and 91.30 % selection efficiency across 46 diverse cultivars. These markers enable rapid screening of sucrose-rich genotypes within 3 h, establishing a ready-to-implement molecular toolkit for expediting breeding of premium-quality peanuts. This work bridges gene discovery with field application, delivering both mechanistic insights and industrial solutions for flavor-driven peanut improvement.

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