Multi-Omics in Biological System: Harnessing the Power of Multi-Omics-Applications, Challenges and the Path Forward

Le résumé fourni par la source

The study of complex biological systems is undergoing a transformation through multi-omics integration, which offers a comprehensive insight into the interplay between molecular layers such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. This chapter provides an introduction to the field of multi-omics, defining its scope and highlighting the growing need for integrating diverse omics data to achieve a holistic understanding of biological phenomena. The chapter goes over the types of omics data and their significance, starting from single-cell multi-omics data, which offer unprecedented resolution to examine cellular heterogeneity. Data integration is elaborated further and discussed concerning difficulties in data source combination with respect to scalability concerns. Some of the approaches and computational workflows in the integration of multi-omics data are provided with an overview of the tools and databases used to support the same. Real applications of multi-omics are described and explained across disciplines that include the search for biomarkers in disease discovery, personalised medicine, agriculture, and plant sciences, as well as in systems biology. Finally, technical, computational, and analytical challenges arising from research work in multi-omics and suggested solutions to the challenges will be described, after which this chapter will outline potential future directions in multi-omics that would evolve its full and transformative impact for opening up new frontiers of biological science discovery.

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