Biobanks and DNA Databases

Le résumé fourni par la source

Abstract In Spring 2009, Time magazine produced a list of 10 ideas which it considered were changing the world. At number eight was biobanks. Since the late 1990s, significant investment has been made in the creation of biobanks all over the world, with industry analysts claiming that more than US$1 billion has been invested in biobanking by research agencies, governments, academic institutions, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, medical charities, and disease advocacy organizations. To some extent, these initiatives build on a longer history of medical and genetic registers and epidemiological cohort studies. The term biobank itself describes a diverse range of activities, from research in the epidemiology of common complex diseases, pharmacogenetics, rare genetic diseases, oncology, and stem cells, to therapeutic applications such as blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Given this, biobanks are also characterized by multiple expectations about their potential to be used to develop new scientific knowledge and new diagnostics and therapeutics.

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