Advancing Non-Invasive Genomic Detection of p53 Tumor Suppressor Mutations in Fecal and Tumor Tissues of Colorectal Cancer Patients in Makassar

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BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. TP53 mutations are frequently observed in CRC. This study evaluates TP53 mutations in tissue and fecal samples from CRC patients in Makassar, Indonesia, assessing diagnostic utility. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 66 CRC patients. DNA from tumor and fecal samples was analyzed using PCR and sequencing. Statistical analysis used SPSS and Python. ROC analysis (AUC: 0.725, 95% CI: [insert CI]) and gradient boosting model (AUC: 0.93) were performed. RESULTS: TP53 mutations were found in 25.7% of tissue and 13.6% of fecal samples. Fecal TP53 detection showed sensitivity of 47%, specificity of 97%, and 85% accuracy with predictive modeling. CONCLUSION: Fecal-based TP53 mutation detection shows promise as a non-invasive biomarker for CRC. Despite high specificity, further validation is required to confirm its clinical applicability.

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