On‐Skin Tattoo‐Embedded Sensors (TES) for Next‐Generation Sensing and Future Directions for Healthcare Monitoring

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Abstract Wearable healthcare monitoring has emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to revolutionize healthcare by offering continuous, non‐invasive monitoring of vital signs and health parameters. Among the innovative approaches, tattoo‐embedded sensors (TES) have garnered significant attention due to their unobtrusiveness and potential for continuous, real‐time observation. This comprehensive review synthesizes the most recent research and developments in the area of TES for healthcare monitoring. The review begins by discussing the fundamental principles of sensors based on tattoos, including how they are made, materials, and integration techniques. It explores various sensor types that can be embedded in tattoos, such as temperature, pressure, biochemical, and electrophysiological sensors, elucidating their working principles and applications. The integration of these sensors into flexible and biocompatible tattoo substrates is discussed in detail, highlighting the challenges and recent advancements in this domain.

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