Abruptio Placentae and Pregnancy Outcome at Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina: A 4 Year Review

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Background: Abruptio placentae remains a major cause of Maternal and Perinatal morbidity and mortality globally, though of more serious concern in the developing countries. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and foeto-maternal outcome of pregnancies complicated by Abruptio placentae at Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina. Methodology: It was a retrospective study that reviewed all pregnancies complicated by Abruptio placentae at Federal Teaching Hospital Katsina, Nigeria between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2014. The cases were analysed for socio-demographic variables, aetiologic risk factors, clinical presentations, mode of deliveries, outcome of the pregnancies as well as complications associated with Abruptio placentae. The data extracted was analysed using SPSS version 17. Results: There were 44 cases of Abruptio placentae out of 7575 deliveries, with a prevalence rate 0.58%. Major perinatal complications were intrauterine foetal deaths(IUFD) (66.7%), and intrapartum distress (23.8%), while postpartum haemorrhage (33.3%), and anaemia necessitating blood transfusion (42.9%) were the major maternal complications. There was one maternal death during the study period with a case fatality rate of 2.8%. Conclusion: There is relatively lower incidence of Abruptio placentae in our setting. The major foetal and maternal outcomes were intrauterine foetal death and postpartum haemorrhage respectively.

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