N-bridge anchored asymmetric AgCu dual-atomic catalysts on MXene for efficient nitrate reduction

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Abstract Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) offers a promising route for sustainable ammonia synthesis and wastewater treatment, yet designing highly active and selective catalysts remains challenging. Herein, we construct an N-bridge anchored asymmetric AgCu dual-atomic catalyst (DAC) on Ti3C2Tx MXene (AgCu DAC/Ti3C2Tx) for efficient nitrate electroreduction. The unique N-bridged structure stabilizes the asymmetric AgCu dual sites, enabling synergistic adsorption and activation of nitrate intermediates. In situ X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy confirms the dynamic evolution of the Ag–Cu coordination under reaction conditions, revealing their maintained heteronuclear pairing and electronic coupling during NO3RR. As a result, the AgCu DAC/Ti3C2Tx catalyst achieves a high NH3 Faradaic efficiency of ~ 97.1% with an exceptional yield rate of ~ 3.1 mg·h−1·cm−2 at −0.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), surpassing most reported dual-atom catalysts. This work provides insights into the design of asymmetric dual-atomic sites for multi-step catalytic reactions.

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