Performance assessment of a double T-type labyrinth seal for a centrifugal pump

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This paper proposes a novel double T-type labyrinth seal (DTLS) structure for centrifugal pumps. The leakage performance and rotordynamic characteristics of the DTLS structure are investigated for different characteristic parameters (radial tooth height ratio and axial tooth width ratio) and operating conditions (pressure differential and rotational speed). Compared with the conventional straight-through labyrinth seal structure, the γ-0.95 structure achieves a maximum leakage reduction rate of up to 85.8%. Furthermore, while the effective stiffness of the DTLS structure shows a moderate decrease across various characteristic parameters, significant improvements in effective damping are observed throughout the frequency domain (20–260 Hz). The effective damping of α-0.75, β-0.25, γ-0.95, and λ-0.4 structures for DTLS demonstrates maximum enhancements of 106.59%, 110.93%, 206.65%, and 88.43%, respectively, within the high-frequency domain (180–260 Hz).

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