Genome-Wide Association Study of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat Accessions from Plant Gene Resources of Canada Using 90K and 40K SNP Arrays

Le résumé fourni par la source

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a major threat to global wheat production, reducing yield and quality and contaminating grain with harmful mycotoxins. This study utilized a genome-wide association study to investigate FHB resistance in a diverse collection of 300 hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.) pure lines selected for their FHB resistance from 4,000 Triticum accessions obtained from Plant Gene Resources of Canada (PGRC). Phenotypic data were collected across multiple site-years (2019 to 2024) and the accessions were genotyped by high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays (40 and 90K). One hundred eighty-two quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN) associated with FHB resistance traits were identified across all chromosomes except 6D. Among these, 30 QTN consistently detected across multiple site-years were clustered into 13 quantitative trait loci (QTL), with 6 prioritized for breeding applications because of their significant contributions to resistance. Novel loci such as QFhb.usask-3B.1 were identified, harboring potential candidate genes encoding transcription factors and resistance proteins involved in biotic stress responses. The eight most resistant PGRC lines were identified based on best linear unbiased predictors analysis, representing diverse regions and carrying these identified QTL. This study advances the understanding of FHB resistance mechanisms and provides genomic resources for breeding programs aimed at developing improved wheat cultivars with enhanced resistance.

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