Low-grade inflammation and body composition indicators in adolescents aged 15–18 years

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BackgroundThe occurrence of low-grade inflammation is considered one of the possible mechanisms underlying the development of metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes.The amount and distribution of body fat may influence concentrations of inflammatory markers, including hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), even in adolescents, who generally exhibit lower inflammatory activity than adults. ObjectiveAssessment of the relationship between hsCRP and body composition indicators: waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body fat percentage (BF%), and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents. MethodsData from 208 individuals (52.4% girls) aged 15-18 years, living in Kraków and the surrounding area, were used in this analysis.Correlations between hsCRP and body mass indices, including sex-specific associations, were examined.Additionally, hsCRP concentrations were compared within adiposity groups based on BMI, BF%, and WHtR. ResultsA weak positive correlation was observed between hsCRP and BMI (R = 0.217, P = 0.002), WHtR (R = 0.231, P <0.001), and BF% (R = 0.165, P = 0.02).In a sexspecific analysis this association was statistically significant only among girls (BMI: R = 0.351, P <0.001; WHtR: R=0.369, P <0.001; BF%: R = 0.319, P <0.001).Additionally, hsCRP levels were significantly higher in individuals with excessive body weight or body fat.Conclusions BMI, WHtR and BF% were related to the subclinical inflammation in adolescents.The results highlight the significance of monitoring these parameters in the context of metabolic disease prevention.

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