Dimensional engineering of carbon-pseudocapacitive hybrids toward advanced supercapacitors: Recent advances and future perspectives

Le résumé fourni par la source

Electrochemical capacitors, particularly supercapacitors (SCs), have attracted extensive research interest due to their outstanding power density, ultrafast charge-discharge capability, and long cycling life. Among various electrode candidates, carbon-based composites integrated with pseudocapacitive components have emerged as a highly promising strategy to overcome the intrinsic trade-off between high power and high energy densities. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress in carbon-pseudocapacitive hybrid materials, emphasizing dimensional engineering from zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles to three-dimensional (3D) interconnected frameworks. The fundamental charge-storage mechanisms of electrical double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance are first outlined, followed by key design principles for hybrid architectures, which highlight the synergistic coupling between the high conductivity and structural robustness of carbon matrices and the high specific capacitance of pseudocapacitive species. Particular attention is devoted to structural optimization, interfacial engineering, and component distribution strategies across different carbon dimensionalities, including 0D carbon quantum dots (CQDs), one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) /nanofibers (CNFs), two-dimensional (2D) graphene-based sheets, and 3D graphene aerogels (GAs) or hierarchical porous carbons. Representative high-impact studies are critically examined to elucidate structure-property correlations and performance enhancement mechanisms, supported by quantitative comparisons of capacitance, rate capability, and cycling durability. Finally, the advantages and limitations of each dimensional category are comparatively discussed, and perspectives on future research directions – including scalable synthesis, multifunctional integration, and high-voltage device applications – are proposed. This review aims to serve as a reference framework for the rational design of advanced carbon-pseudocapacitive hybrid electrodes, paving the way for next-generation high-performance SCs.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.