Preoperative fasting time in patients undergoing elective surgeries in a reference hospital at Piaui State

Le résumé fourni par la source

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) guidelines recommend a fasting time of eight hours for solid foods, six hours for soft foods, milk, and liquids without residues, four hours for breast milk, and two hours for clear liquids such as water. Adherence to these guidelines increases patient satisfaction, reduces complications and length of hospital stay, and optimizes healthcare costs. The current panorama of preoperative fasting in Piauí is unknown. This study assesses preoperative fasting duration for elective surgeries at Getúlio Vargas Hospital (HGV) in Teresina, Piauí. It involves patients aged 18-90 undergoing elective surgery at HGV. The data is collected from medical records and questionnaires given to the participants. Sociodemographic variables, fasting times for liquids and solids, and data on preoperative preparation, patients' clinical conditions, and surgeries performed were collected. The study counted 286 patients; most were between 40 and 50 years old, and 51.70% were male. It was observed that the fasting period was more extended than that prescribed by the surgical team (17h), liquid fasting was shorter than solid fasting (14h) but still longer than 12 hours, and there was no influence of the difference in the participants' schooling on the times practiced. Despite the new recommendations on preoperative fasting, there is still reluctance on the part of institutions, health professionals, and even patients to comply. Training and periodic updating of teams is therefore mandatory, as well as information on the subject for patients and their families, to improve perioperative care.

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