Sophoricoside Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Oxidative Stress-dependent Apoptosis in Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells

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Background Colorectal cancer constitutes a major global health issue, defined by the unregulated growth of atypical cells in the large intestine or rectum. This intricate disease, resulting from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle causes, presents a significant risk to persons globally. Objectives This work was undertaken to study the anti-cancer effects of sophoricoside on colon cancer cells. Materials and Methods An MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test was employed to study the influence of sophoricoside on the growth of HCT-116 cells. The apoptotic levels in the untreated and sophoricoside-treated HCT-116 cells were evaluated using 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and dual staining techniques. The concentrations of oxidative stress indicators in the experimental cells were evaluated using the corresponding test kits. Results The administration of various dosages of sophoricoside significantly suppressed HCT-116 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Sophoricoside treatment significantly enhanced apoptosis in HCT-116 cells, which is evidenced by the DAPI and dual staining assays. It also elevated oxidative stress marker levels by reducing the antioxidants in HCT-116 cells. Conclusion The present investigation illustrated that sophoricoside possesses anti-cancer activities against colon cancer by reducing cell viability and inducing oxidative stress-dependent apoptosis in HCT-116 cells. Consequently, the present findings indicate sophoricoside as a promising and beneficial alternative for future colon cancer therapy.

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