Hemp seed oil ameliorates ulcerative colitis in connection with tryptophan metabolism driven by gut microbiota

Le résumé fourni par la source

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, currently lacks effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the protective effects of hemp seed oil (HSO), a dietary supplement derived from hemp seeds ( Cannabis sativa L.) possessing anti-inflammatory properties, against UC. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and targeted tryptophan (Trp) metabolomics, we explored the mechanisms underlying HSO's effects in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice. Results showed HSO significantly alleviated UC symptoms, restored gut microbiota dysbiosis, and increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. FMT results revealed HSO selectively promoted Muribaculum and Roseburia growth, enhancing Trp metabolites such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 3-indolealdehyde (3-IAld). Additionally, HSO upregulated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and interleukin (IL)-22 production, promoting tight junction protein expression and intestinal barrier repair. These findings suggested HSO as a promising dietary intervention for UC management by targeting gut microbiota-mediated Trp metabolism and the AhR/IL-22 axis. • Hemp seed oil has the potential to prevent ulcerative colitis. • Hemp seed oil promotes SCFAs-producing gut microbiota and SCFAs production. • Hemp seed oil regulates gut microbiota-associated tryptophan metabolism. • Hemp seed oil activates AhR/IL-22 axis to repair damaged intestinal barrier.

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