Influence of plant growth regulators and sucrose on macronutrient, biochemical composition and phytochemical content of Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees. suspension cultures

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The study examines the combined influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and varying sucrose concentrations on growth, nutrient content, biochemical composition, and andrographolide accumulation in suspension cell cultures of Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees., a medicinal plant valued for its therapeutic properties.Suspension cultures were initiated in MS liquid medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 6benzylaminopurine (BAP), along with sucrose levels ranging from 1% to 4%.Growth parameters such as packed cell volume (PCV), cell wet weight, dry weight, macronutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), biochemical components (protein, phenol, and carbohydrates) and andrographolide content, were assessed at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 60 days.Optimal results were obtained with the treatment combination MS + 2 mg/l 2,4-D + 2 mg/l NAA + 2 mg/l BAP + 3% sucrose (T8), which significantly enhanced biomass, nutrient, and biochemical accumulation by day 45, while andrographolide content peaked at day 60.These results highlight the critical role of a well-balanced hormonal combination and an appropriate carbon source for improving nutrient uptake and biomass yield in suspension cultures.The optimized culture conditions established through this study offer a reliable and effective platform for mass-producing of bioactive metabolites from A. echioides under controlled in vitro environments.

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