PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF MELATONIN ON LUNG INJURIES INDUCED BY CIGARETTE SMOKE IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

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Background: The most important risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and carcinoma of lung is cigarette smoking, mainly in habitual smokers. Cigarette smoke causes lung damage because it is directly inhaled into the lungs and reaches the alveoli. It is because of the deposition of its inhaled toxic particulate components and gases in the airways and alveoli that are responsible of inflammation and chronic obstruction. Methods: In this comparative experimental research, 60 Albino Wister rats were used and evaluated for the toxic effects of cigarette smoke and the protective effects of Melatonin on rat’s lungs simultaneously. Also, we estimated the protective effects of Melatonin on markers of inflammation and Fibrinogen serologically among negative and positive control groups and melatonin- treatment and post-treatment groups. Results: According to the results of the present study, it is confirmed that melatonin counterbalances the cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung injuries in both treatment and post-treatment groups, though its effects on the treatment group exposed to cigarette smoke for only one month were slightly stronger than post-treatment group exposed to cigarette smoke for two months. The serological markers of inflammation CRP (C-reactive protein) and fibrinogen were successfully reduced with melatonin administration in both treatment and post-treatment group. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study proves that melatonin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-regulatory, and vaso-protective properties against cigarette smoke-induced lung damage in Wistar albino rats, confirmed both histopathologically and serologically. Pak J Physiol 2025;21(1):17–20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.69656/pjp.v21i1.1732

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