Magnetic resonance imaging in dental, oral and maxillofacial trauma: A systematic review

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This systematic review evaluates the current literature on state-of-the-art radiation-free MRI techniques for managing dental, oral, and maxillofacial trauma, comparing their diagnostic performance to conventional X-ray-based imaging. Two reviewers conducted an investigation using the PICOS search strategy across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and BBO Dentistry. Twenty-nine studies were included: 12 on orbital trauma, 10 on condylar, subcondylar, or TMJ trauma, five on mandibular fractures, and one each on temporal bone and dental trauma. MRI was performed at post-traumatic, postoperative, or both stages. Despite variability in scan parameters, field strengths, and coil configurations, the results highlight MRI's growing potential in trauma assessment. CT-like and Black Bone MRI sequences enable simultaneous visualization of hard and soft tissues at trauma sites, providing diagnostic insights comparable to X-ray-based techniques. However, despite their superior soft-tissue assessment, they remain less effective at depicting intricate bony pathoanatomical conditions. This diagnostic approach can improve the long-term benefit-to-risk ratio, particularly for younger, radio-sensitive patients requiring repeated imaging and long-term follow-up. However, a modality- and protocol-oriented approach is essential to balance clinical conditions, radiation exposure, and diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, to ensure optimal patient outcomes in comprehensive trauma management.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.