A rare case of cervical extrarenal Wilms tumor: diagnostic challenges and fertility-sparing management

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Objectives: Extrarenal Wilms tumor (ERWT) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm, particularly when located in the uterine cervix. Methods: We report the case of a 26-year-old nulliparous female who presented with a large cervical mass and underwent clinical, radiological, and pathological evaluation. Results: Initial biopsy revealed biphasic morphology with atypical epithelial and stromal components, while the absence of a blastemal component posed a diagnostic challenge. Subsequent excision demonstrated classic triphasic morphology, confirming the diagnosis of ERWT. The patient underwent fertility-preserving surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and remains disease-free at one-year follow-up. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of considering ERWT in the differential diagnosis of cervical tumors and demonstrates that standard renal Wilms tumor treatment protocols can be effectively adapted to extrarenal locations.

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