Chemical composition analysis of the essential oil of Anthemis moghanica Iranshahr from Asteraceae and evaluation of its biological properties

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In this study, the aerial parts of Anthemis moghanica from the Asteraceae family were subjected to hydro-distillation to extract essential oil and evaluate its chemical composition and biological activities. Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses identified 1,8-cineole (16.3 %), β-pinene (14.1 %), α-pinene (12.8 %), limonene (9.7 %), and caryophyllene oxide (7.6 %) as the major constituents. The antioxidant activity, assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, revealed an IC₅₀ value of 48.2 µg/mL, indicating strong free radical inhibition. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli , and Candida albicans using the broth microdilution method. The essential oil exhibited potent inhibitory effects on Gram-positive bacteria and C. albicans with MIC values ranging from 125 to 250 µg/mL, while it showed no activity against Gram-negative strains. These findings suggest that A. moghanica essential oil has promising potential for pharmaceutical and food-related applications.

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