Predictors of probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia in older adults under outpatient geriatric care

Le résumé fourni par la source

Objectives: Sarcopenia is a prevalent systemic skeletal muscle disease caused by advancing age and its association with chronic diseases. It is associated with poor health outcomes and relevant economic burdens worldwide. Therefore, the rapid identification of older adults at high risk for sarcopenia may be a priority in all public healthcare settings. This study investigated predictive factors for probable sarcopenia and sarcopenia in older adults in outpatient care. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 511 Brazilian older adults (mean age=75.9±8.0 years, male-to-female ratio=1:1.62) followed at a public outpatient geriatrics clinic. Probable sarcopenia was defined by low skeletal muscle strength (SMS) as measured with a handgrip strength test. A diagnosis of sarcopenia was established when both SMS and calf circumference measurements were reduced. Variables were grouped according to demographic, body and appendicular anthropometric measurements, clinical, nutritional, and oral health status. Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined the relationship between independent variables and outcomes. Results: Probable sarcopenia was significantly predicted by higher height (OR 1.06, 95%CI 1.03–1.08), lower mid-upper arm bone-free muscle area (OR 1.74, 95%CI 1.04–2.89), and diagnosis of edentulism (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.32–3.14). In turn, sarcopenia diagnosis was predicted by lower mid-upper arm muscle circumference (OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.58–0.81), malnutrition (OR 3.24, 95%CI 1.25–8.40), and risk of sarcopenia (OR 7.98, 95%CI 3.04–20.99), and a reduced number of functional tooth units (OR 0.92, 95%CI 0.86–0.99). Advancing age predicted both probable sarcopenia (OR 1.05, 95%CI 1.02–1.08) and sarcopenia (OR 1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.11). Conclusion: Appendicular anthropometric measurements and nutritional and oral health exams using reliable, low-cost, and easy-to-apply assessment methods can contribute to screening of high-risk older adults for sarcopenia.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.