Ethnicity as a modifier of the association between breastfeeding and distal sensory polyneuropathy in postmenopausal obese women

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Purpose We aimed to examine whether ethnicity moderates the association between breastfeeding and distal sensory polyneuropathy in postmenopausal obese women in the United States. Methods In this cross-sectional study, postmenopausal obese women aged 40 and over were included. Women with major chronic diseases, foot amputation, or insufficient health information were excluded. Distal sensory polyneuropathy was measured using a 10-g monofilament test, and self-reported breastfeeding data were collected based on responses to a brief questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between breastfeeding and distal sensory polyneuropathy, as well as the modifying effect of ethnicity on this association. Results Among 767 eligible women, breastfeeding was a protective factor for distal sensory polyneuropathy [adjusted Odds Ratio (OR)= 0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08 - 0.78; p = 0.019]. Upon adjusting the significant two-way interaction of ethnicity with breastfeeding, a significant reduction in the odds was observed (adjusted OR=0.02, 95% CI 0.003 - 0.17; p = 0.001). Conclusions The association between breastfeeding and distal sensory polyneuropathy varied by ethnicity, with a strong protective effect observed in Hispanic women. These findings highlight the need for further research and tailored public health strategies in diverse populations.

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