Risk Factors for Early Implant Failure Following Sinus Augmentation: A Multi‐Centre Nested Case–Control Study

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AIM: To evaluate the determinants of early implant failure after sinus augmentation (SA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study of implants placed after SA between 2016 and 2021 in eight centres across Germany. We included a total of 129 implants that were lost within 12 months after placement (cases) and 273 implants that were not lost within 12 months (controls). Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals for the association of various clinical and radiographic parameters with the risk of early implant failure, independent of confounders. RESULTS: Marked associations with early failure risk were found for male sex (OR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.5), current smoking (OR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.0-3.6), history of severe periodontitis (OR 7.5, 95% CI: 2.4-23), number of missing teeth (OR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.2-1.6), residual bone height of 3 to < 5 mm (OR 2.4, 95% CI: 1.4-4.2) and < 3 mm (OR 3.8, 95% CI: 2.2-6.8) and insertion torque < 8 Ncm (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.3-26). CONCLUSION: Male sex, current smoking, low residual bone height, very low insertion torque, a history of severe periodontitis and number of missing teeth are associated with early implant failure after SA.

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