Epidemiological Evidence on the Associations of Metal Exposure with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Among Elderly Women
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Background: Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between heavy metals and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD). This study compiled epidemiological evidence from research published over the past 11 years on the impact of metals on AD/ADRD in women. Women have unique risk factors for late onset of AD/ADRD, in addition to genetic factors, apolipoprotein E allele (APOE4), and longer life expectancy. Furthermore, women are twice likely as men to experience depression, which increases their risk of developing AD/ADRD. Our narrative review underscored the necessity of a sex-specific approach to address women’s vulnerability to AD/ADRD. Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, NIOSH Toxline, and Scopus, were thoroughly searched to identify primary epidemiological studies on older women exposed to metals and published between 2014 to 2024. Results: We identified 34 epidemiological studies that met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed a complex interplay between environmental metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) and the risk of AD/ADRD in women. Significant adverse effects were reported for Cu, Cd, As, Pb, and Mn while significant protective effects were found between Se, Fe, and Zn in blood and AD/ADRD among older women. However, some studies also reported no correlations. Conclusions: Overall, our review identified contrasting results regarding the effects of metals on AD/ADRD in women. Future studies should collect additional evidence to understanding the effects of heavy metals on AD/ADRD in women for developing preventive measures.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Epidemiological Evidence on the Associations of Metal Exposure with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Among Elderly Women
- Date Crossref
- 28/05/2025
- Éditeur
- MDPI AG
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
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Sam Houston State University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Texas A&M International University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Columbia University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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College of Health Sciences Department of Public Health pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Mailman School of Public Health Department of Environmental Health Sciences pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Gut-Brain Axis Laboratory pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
Sam Houston State University, Texas A&M International University et Columbia University, avec 7 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.