Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Growth, Yield, and Active Constituents of Fenugreek

Le résumé fourni par la source

Fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is a versatile, winter-grown annual herbaceous crop in North India. The young plants are used as a vegetable and fodder, while the seeds are primarily utilized as a condiment and in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in the production of Ayurvedic medicines. Fenugreek is a rich source of minerals, protein, vitamin C, and other nutrients. It is predominantly grown under semi-arid conditions in Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh. Due to its high therapeutic potential, demand for fenugreek seeds and leaves is increasing. Diosgenin, a compound found in fenugreek seeds, is widely used in the manufacture of contraceptive pills, serving as an alternative to medicinal yam. To meet rising demand, improved cultural practices must be implemented to enhance production. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are compounds that, when applied in small doses, can significantly modify plant growth, either stimulating or inhibiting it. These are small chemical molecules that, even at very low concentrations (often less than 10–7 M), influence the physiological responses of plants to environmental stimuli. PGRs are extensively used in biotechnology and agriculture to modify plant growth and development. Numerous spice crops have shown increased yield and quality due to the positive effects of various PGRs. This chapter discusses the role of naphthaleneacetic acid, brassinosteroids, and salicylic acid on fenugreek growth, yield, and active ingredient composition.

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