Students’ motives for enrolling in the master of nursing program in Croatia despite degree recognition uncertainties: a cross-sectional study

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BACKGROUND: Despite global recognition of Master of Nursing (MN) degrees for career advancement, less than a quarter of MN graduates in Croatia hold MN-specific roles, and salary incentives are limited. Yet, MN programs remain popular among Croatian students. This study aimed to explore students' intentions and motives for enrolling in the MN program in Croatia despite the uncertainties regarding degree recognition in the healthcare sector. METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study. Data were collected from June to September 2024 via an online survey targeting current Bachelor of Nursing (BN) and MN students from all Croatian higher nursing education institutions. RESULTS: The study included 1,548 students (1,129 BN and 419 MN). Among BN students, 39% intended to enrol in MN studies, citing personal and professional development as key motives. Most BN and MN students, while cognizant of the limited MN-recognized roles, were primarily motivated to enrol in MN programs to deepen knowledge (94%) and advance career opportunities. Key motivators were improved working conditions (93% BN, 87% MN) and higher salaries (93%). Compared to MN students, BN students demonstrated significantly stronger personal motivation to expand nursing knowledge and engage with the academic community. They were also more professionally motivated to pursue leadership roles, work abroad, and open private institutions. Additionally, BN students expressed greater interest in continuing their education and student life opportunities, while MN students reported less motivation driven by fears of job insecurity. Students expressed optimism (89% BN, 84% MN) about the long-term value of an MN degree despite current market limitations. Most participants considered the MN degree would increase their competencies and should lead to a higher salary coefficient. Qualitative responses revealed dissatisfaction with degree recognition, concerns about overproduction of MN graduates, a desire for specialization and practical training, and growing intent to seek employment abroad. CONCLUSION: Despite currently limited roles recognised for MN graduates in Croatia, BN and MN students remained highly motivated by a desire to expand their knowledge, career advancement, improved working conditions, and higher salaries. Aligning Croatia's educational and healthcare systems to recognize and utilize MN graduates effectively could strengthen the nation's healthcare workforce. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. This study was not a clinical trial.

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