Parameters of regional lymphogenic metastasis in the prognosis of skin melanoma

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Melanoma is a malignant skin tumor with a high level of metastasis and mortality. Objective. Determination of the role of the parameters for regional lymphogenic metastasis in the prognosis of the disease. Material and methods. The results of scintigraphic, cytological, immunocytochemical, histological and immunohistochemical methods of primary tumors and lymph nodes biopsies of 93 patients with skin melanoma were analyzed. Results. A positive correlation was found between the number of signal lymph nodes and disease progression (Pearson coefficient 0.85). A positive correlation was found between the number of regional lymphocollectors and disease progression (Pearson coefficient 0.89). The progression of the disease was detected when the tumor was localized on the skin of the trunk in 32% of cases, in the lower extremities — in 29.6%, and in the upper extremities — in 18.8% of cases. The progression of stage II and III skin melanoma was noted for 72 months after surgical treatment, 59.3% occurred in the first year of follow-up. In the case of melanoma in situ, progression was diagnosed 144 months after surgery. Conclusion. The progression of the disease was significantly more often noted in the presence of more than 1 signal lymph node and in the presence of more than one regional collector. The frequency of disease progression in our study was maximal within 12 months after surgery; after 72 months of follow-up, a single case of metastasis was noted in a patient with stage 0 melanoma.

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