Leveraging an mRNA Platform for the Development of Vaccines Against Egg Allergy

Résumé fourni par la source

Background: Food allergy (FA) poses a major global health issue due to the increasing prevalence and lack of effective prevention strategies. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has emerged as a disease-modifying therapy for FA. However, due to long-term treatment duration and unexpected adverse reactions, only a minority of patients benefit from AIT. Therefore, effective prophylactic interventions are urgently needed for FA patients. Methods: In this proof-of-concept study, using a well-established mRNA platform, we developed mRNA vaccine candidates encoding for the major egg white allergen Gal d2 and comprehensively evaluated their prophylactic efficacy against anaphylaxis in a Gal d2-induced allergic mouse model. Results: Two vaccine formulations, Gal d2 mRNA vaccine and Gal d2-IL-10 mRNA vaccine, both demonstrated potent ability in inducing allergen-specific IgG and Th1-type T cells. Importantly, the two vaccine formulations showed promise in preventing the onset of allergic disease, which is indicated by prevention of body temperature decline during anaphylaxis. Conclusions: We provided preliminary proof-of-concept evidence showing that the mRNA platform is unique and holds promise for the development of anti-allergy vaccines. This is largely attributed to the capacities of mRNA vaccines in eliciting an allergen-blocking antibody, shifting Th2 towards Th1 immunity, as well as in generating peripheral tolerance. However, further investigations are required to better understand the mode of action.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.