Disparities in residential PM2.5 and disease burden across urban and peri-urban: A 2018–2019 multicenter on-site survey in China

Résumé fourni par la source

Residential fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) poses a substantial health hazard, yet disparities across urban and peri-urban areas remain unclear in China due to the absence of systematic monitoring data. Key knowledge gaps persist regarding the characteristics, influencing factors, and health burdens of residential PM 2.5 pollution, particularly in peri-urban regions. Between 2018 and 2019, 746 urban and 339 peri-urban households in 15 typical Chinese cities were randomly selected through the Chinese Indoor Environment and Health Surveillance Project (CIEHS). The relationships between influencing factors and residential PM 2.5 were assessed using a general linear model (GLM), and factors importance was identified using the Boruta algorithm with 10-fold cross-validation and 100 replications. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to the residential PM 2.5 were estimated using the population-attributable fraction method. The mean residential PM 2.5 concentration was 62.2 μg/m 3 , with higher levels in peri-urban (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.0705 95 % Confidence interval [95 % CI]: 1.0615, 1.0795) and during cold seasons (OR = 1.3499 95 %CI: 1.3388, 1.3610). Environmental factors, building conditions, family-related information, and lifestyle behaviors were all associated with residential PM 2.5 , notably, with the five most influential factors remaining consistent across urban and peri-urban areas. The mean DALY rate was 2160 per 100,000 in urban areas, slightly higher at 2186 per 100,000 in peri-urban areas. According to China's seventh national census, residential PM 2.5 exposure accounted for 19.48 million urban and 11.14 million peri-urban DALYs nationally. These findings underscore the urgency for differentiated environmental management and targeted mitigation policies to address the disproportionate health burden in peri-urban areas.

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