COVID-19 Disease during Pregnancy, Gestational Duration and Fetal Weight: Two Understudied Adverse Outcomes

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Background: To find out how COVID-19 infection during pregnancy affects the outcome of the pregnancy. Methods: 166 SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women formed the study group. 128 SARS-CoV-2-negative pregnant women formed the control group. Anatomopathological study of the placenta was performed in all cases. Results: Placental insufficiency appeared in 38 patients (25%) of the study group and in 17 patients (13.2%) in the control group (p=0.016). Villitis appeared in 50 patients (30.1%) of the study group and in 16 patients (12.2%) in the control group (p=0.000). 166 COVID-19 positive patients were further subdivided, into those with anatomopatho-logical affection of the placenta, and those without. When gestational age between patients with placental insufficiency and those without it are compared, a difference of 4.852 days is obtained (p=0.0393). When neonatal weight between patients with pla-cental insufficiency and those without it are compared, a difference of 406.4 grams is obtained (p=0.0000). When gestational age between patients with villitis and those without it are compared, a difference of 3.203 days is found (p=0.0919). When neonatal weight between patients with villitis and those without it are compared, a difference of 242.16 grams is obtained (p=0.0018). Conclusion: COVID-19 infection during pregnancy may produce lower fetal weight and preterm birth.

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