Assessment of Changes in Corneal Endothelial Characteristics in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Résumé fourni par la source

Patients with glaucoma undergo significant changes in corneal endothelial characteristics due to chronically elevated Intraocular pressure (IOP). Objectives: To compare endothelial cell density between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and age-matched non-glaucomatous controls. Also to explore the relationship between endothelial cell density and Intraocular pressure. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It included 41 eyes of patients with POAG aged between 35-70 years and 41 eyes of age-matched non-glaucomatous subjects were taken as controls. The POAG was diagnosed based on Intraocular pressure, optic disc changes, and visual field defects. All participants went through a comprehensive ocular evaluation, that included slit-lamp examination, gonioscopy and Intraocular pressure assessment. The endothelial cell density was assessed via specular microscopy. SPSS version 26.0 was utilized to perform statistical analysis. Results: The average corneal endothelial cell density in healthy control subjects was 2484.51 ± 286.44 cells/mm², but those with POAG showed a statistically significant decline, measuring 2345 ± 270.29 cells/mm² (p=0.02). A notable decrease in endothelial cell density was seen in patients using dorzolamide 2262.00 ± 287.15 relative to patients not using dorzolamide 2451.28 ± 209.56 (0=0.02). Endothelial cell density and the average Intraocular pressure revealed a weak inverse correlation (r= -0.204, p=0.06). Conclusions: It was concluded that POAG patients show reduced corneal endothelial cell density. It also suggests that endothelial cell density declines with higher Intraocular pressure and increased disease severity, making it a possible biomarker of disease progression in POAG.

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