Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretomes for Cell-Free Therapy of the Broken Heart

Le résumé fourni par la source

Soluble (secretomes) and insoluble (exosomes) paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs ) constitute an integral part of the fast-emerging cell-free therapy approach in numerous fields of regenerative medicine, primarily concerning the modulation of myocardial repair processes. The cell-free therapy approach is yet to be fully defined but is based on either the use of secretomes/conditioned medium or exosomes with their specific cargo. This chapter delves into the safety and efficacy of using MSC-derived secretomes in enhancing cardiac function post−myocardial infarction ( MI ) in small and large animal models. Both exosome and secretome-based treatments improve myocardial functionality parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF ) and left ventricular fractional shortening ( LVFS ), reduce infarct size, and promote angiogenesis in animal models. A dose-dependent efficacy of exosome treatments has also been reported. Both treatment approaches showed potential in modulating the inflammatory response and promoting intrinsic stem cell homing into the injured myocardium to participate in the repair process. They showed promising results in skin tissue engineering, wound healing, chronic renal diseases, SARS COVID-19. Phase-I clinical studies (Clinicaltrial.gov ID: NCT05669144; NCT05771809) are under way to assess their efficacy in clinical settings. Future research is warranted to understand the mechanisms of action and define the pharmacokinetics of these novel therapeutic options.

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