Characterization of a Vip3Aa7-Expressing Transgenic Core Line Vip-5 with Enhanced Resistance to Lepidopteran Pests and Environmental Safety

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The fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) is a globally significant pest that poses a serious threat to food crops such as corn, and traditional chemical control methods are facing the challenge of pest resistance development. In this study, Agrobacterium -mediated transformation technology was used to introduce the Vip3Aa7 gene into the inbred corn line B104, resulting in the successful development of the transgenic corn line Vip-5. Molecular biological analysis revealed that the Vip3Aa7 gene was stably integrated into the exon region of the Zm00001eb308540 gene on chromosome 7 of the maize genome in a single-copy form and continued to be inherited and expressed in the T 2 and T 3 generations of Vip-5. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses indicated that the Vip3Aa7 gene and its encoded protein exhibited stable expression levels in different corn tissues and developmental stages. Indoor bioassays and silk/leaf tests showed that Vip-5 corn exhibited high resistance to the fall armyworm, cotton bollworm, and cutworm, with corrected mortality rates reaching above 100%, 95.83%, and 62.50%, respectively. Field trials further confirmed the high resistance of Vip-5 corn to the fall armyworm. Additionally, non-target organism safety assessments revealed that the Vip3Aa7 protein had no significant negative impact on the two-spotted spider mite, Italian honeybee, and Daphnia. Agronomic trait analysis indicated that Vip-5 corn had no significant differences from the recipient control B104 line in major agronomic traits such as plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, hundred-grain weight, and ear weight. In conclusion, Vip-5 corn line not only possesses excellent insect-resistant characteristics and environmental safety but also shows good application potential in corn insect-resistant breeding.

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