Understanding health insurance coverage and its socio-demographic associations among women in Bangladesh: evidence from BDHS 2022

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Abstract Background Health insurance is vital for healthcare financing and aligns with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goal agenda. Women of reproductive age face unique barriers to affordable care due to higher health risks and caregiving roles. This study aims to estimate the proportion of women with health insurance coverage (HIC) and its associated factors. Methods We used data from the latest round of the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) of 2022. The number of women considered for analysis was 19987. Unadjusted odds ratio with their95% confidence interval (Cl) were reported. Results The median (IQR) age of the women in the study was 32.0 (25.0-39.0) years. Only 0.3% of women reported having HIC. The odds of HIC increased significantly with having account with bank or other financial institution (UOR: 2.27; 95% Cl: 1.36-3.79), both woman or their husbands having post secondary education, belonging to richest family (UOR: 3.32; 95% Cl: 1.45-7.60), and having adequate media exposure (UOR: 2.78; 95% Cl: 1.41-5.47). Conclusions The study highlights the need for higher education among both sexes and targeted strategies to reduce wealth-based disparities and use mass media to promote the uptake of HIC. WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC Health insurance is a key mechanism for financing healthcare globally, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals agenda for 2030. Women in reproductive age groups face unique barriers to affordable healthcare, particularly in LMICs. Less than 1% of the Bangladeshi population, benefit from social health protection WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS Only 0.3% Women of reproductive age have health insurance coverage. The most prevalent type of health insurance is private insurance and mutual or community organization Education, media exposure, good financial standing and financial inclusion increases the odds of having health insurance coverage.

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