Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Radiation Characteristics in Gas–Iron Ore Particle Reactive Flow Processes at an Industrial-Scale in a Hydrogen-Based Flash Smelting Furnace

Le résumé fourni par la source

Iron smelting is one of the primary sources of carbon emissions. The development of low-carbon ironmaking technologies is essential for the iron and steel industry to realize the “dual carbon” ambition. Hydrogen-based flash ironmaking technology eliminates traditional pretreatment steps such as sintering, pelletizing, and coking while using hydrogen as a reducing agent, significantly reducing carbon emissions. In the present work, a computational fluid dynamics approach is employed to conduct an in-depth analysis of the radiative properties inside the reaction shaft of a flash smelting furnace. The results illustrate that the lowest gas absorption coefficient and volumetric absorption radiation along the radial direction appear at y = 2.84 m, with the values of 0.085 m−1 and 89,364.6 W/m3, respectively, whereas the largest values for these two variables in the axial direction can be obtained at h = 6.14 m with values of 0.128 m−1 and 132,841.11 W/m3. The reduced incident radiation intensity under case 1’s condition led to distinct differences in the radiative temperature compared to the other four cases. The spatial distributions of the particle absorption and scattering coefficients exhibit excellent consistency. The thermal conductivities of all investigated cases depict similar trends along both the axial and radial directions. Volumetric emissive radiation presents a non-linear trend of first increasing and then decreasing, followed by the rise as the height decreases. This study highlights the critical role of hydrogen-based flash ironmaking technology in reducing carbon emissions and provides valuable insights into the radiative characteristics of its reaction shaft under different operating conditions.

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