Design of a new colorimetric chemosensor based on indicator displacement assay for rapid and selective detection of total phosphate

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The present study introduces a simple, rapid, and selective method for detecting and determining total phosphate anions (Pi) using an indicator displacement assay (IDA) approach. A simple probe of Yttrium: Eriochrome cyanine R (Y: ECR complex) was chosen to detect Pi. When phosphate anions were added to the Y: ECR complex solution, it caused a color change from purple to yellow, at an optimal pH of 7.00. As the concentration of Y 3+ increased, the absorption intensity at 441 nm gradually decreased, while a new absorption peak appeared at 531 nm (Δλ = 90 nm). Then, adding phosphate anions to the resulting complex solution increased the absorption intensity at 531 nm and an increase at 441 nm. This significant change was due to the release of ECR and forming a more stable complex between the Pi and Y 3+ . A linear response (R 2 = 0.9924) was observed within the Pi concentration range of 2.27 to 39.3 μM, with a detection limit of 0.55 μM. A good relative standard deviation (RSD = 1.39 %) was achieved over 10 replicates under optimal conditions. The IDA-based chemosensor was successfully used to recover the total phosphate in water samples (94.25–99.60 %) and urine samples (97.80–103.60 %). • A new colorimetric method based on an indicator displacement array was used to selectively detect phosphate. • The designed sensor is simple, selective, sensitive, and rapid. • The method demonstrates acceptable recovery, precision, and accuracy for determining total phosphate in water and urine samples. • This approach can be utilized to create a laboratory kit for phosphate detection, enabling naked-eye detection of phosphate.

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