First record of Cinara todocola (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on endangered Christmas tree in South Korea: morphology, biology, and global invasion potential

Résumé fourni par la source

Cinara (Cinara) todocola (Inouye, 1936) is newly recorded on needle fir (Abies holophylla) and Korean fir (Abies koreana) (Pinaceae) in South Korea. This marks the first recorded instance worldwide of this species damaging the Korean fir, an endangered Christmas tree. We provide detailed life photos and descriptions of all available morphs of this species to facilitate rapid species identification, including redescriptions of the poorly known apterous viviparous female and alate viviparous female, as well as descriptions of the hitherto unknown morphs of the parthenogenetic and sexual generation (fundatrix, oviparous female, and male). This species exhibits strong host specificity across various fir trees, and its life cycle is holocyclic, with the colony size doubling twice per year (in June and September) in South Korea. For the first time, we conducted scanning electron microscopy research to elucidate the gross morphology and sensilla of representatives of this species. Additionally, climate niche modeling was applied to assess and predict the global invasion risk of this species, revealing that C. todocola has the potential to invade in specific regions of East Asia, Europe, and North America.

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