Optimization of Drying Parameters for Pretreated Green Banana Slices Using Response Surface Methodology

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In this study, the influence of drying temperature and pretreatment on the drying kinetics and quality metrics of green banana slices was investigated. The present investigation included the drying of 4 ± 1 mm green banana slices with potassium metabisulfite (KMS) at levels of 0 (control), 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% in a tray dryer. A numerical optimization method was utilized to optimize the drying rate, color, water activity, rehydration ratio, and attractiveness of the banana slices, using a variety of input factors such as drying temperature and pretreatment. The results revealed that the untreated samples and those treated with 1.0% and 1.5% KMS required a longer drying time than the samples treated with 0.5% KMS. The process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology, adopting an I‐optimal design for this investigation. The best solution yielded a drying air temperature of 60.62°C and a pretreatment level of 0.786% KMS, resulting in a drying time of 346.28 min, a color ( L ∗ ) value of 76.23, a water activity ( a w ) of 0.299, and a rehydration ratio of 2.81. Similar outcomes were obtained when the optimized conditions were tested and compared with experimental data using an experimental validation process.

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