A comparative study on the short-term and long-term efficacy of endoscopic lipolysis, liposuction, and traditional open excision in gynecomastia treatment

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OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the comparative short-term and long-term efficacy of endoscopic lipolysis and liposuction versus traditional open excision in the treatment of gynecomastia. METHODS: A total of 140 male patients diagnosed with gynecomastia and admitted to our hospital from April 2021 to May 2022 were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups based on the surgical treatment method: the control group (traditional open excision, n = 70) and the observation group (liposuction under endoscope, n = 70). Comprehensive demographic and clinical data were collected for both groups. Surgical indicators, postoperative complication rates, and pain levels measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) one month post-surgery were observed and compared. Additionally, recurrence rates and patient satisfaction scores were evaluated one year after the procedure. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups (P > 0.05). The observation group exhibited shorter incision lengths, reduced operation times, and decreased hospital stays compared to the control group (P < 0.05), alongside less intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the observation group (P < 0.05). At one and three weeks post-surgery, the observation group reported lower VAS scores for pain compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in recurrence rates between the groups one year post-surgery (P > 0.05). However, the observation group achieved higher scores in terms of chest appearance, wound scarring, nipple and areola aesthetics, and overall satisfaction (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Endoscopic lipolysis and liposuction not only demonstrate advantages such as lower complication rates and expedited recovery in the treatment of gynecomastia but also provide long-term efficacy comparable to traditional surgical methods. This approach significantly enhances patient satisfaction, establishing it as a preferred treatment option due to its safety profile and ability to deliver superior cosmetic outcomes.

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