Odd-Chain Fatty Acid-Enriched Fats Improve Growth and Intestinal Morphology and Function in Milk Replacer-Fed Piglets

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BACKGROUND: The intestinal development and nutritional needs of piglets after birth are similar to those of human infants. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of different forms of odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs) on the growth and intestinal morphology and function of milk replacer-fed piglets, as a model for human infants. METHODS: Forty 7-d-old piglets from 8 sows were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 8, each from a different litter) and fed sow milk or milk replacers supplemented with different kinds of fats (control fats, docosahexaenoic acid algal oil-, OCFA algal oil-, and OCFA-enriched fats) for 21 d. One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the milk replacer-fed piglet groups, and unpaired t test was used to compare sow milk- and milk replacer-fed piglets. RESULTS: Milk replacers supplemented with OCFA-enriched fats increased the average daily gain (ADG), ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and protein expression of Ki67, phosphorylated (p)-mTOR, p-S6K1, Occludin, Claudin, and ZO-1 in the selected intestines of piglets and decreased the protein expression of p-ULK1, Parkin, and PINK1 to levels similar to those of the sow milk-fed group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Overall, milk replacers supplemented with OCFA-enriched fats improved the ADG and the intestinal morphology and function of piglets to levels comparable to those of the sow milk-fed piglets.

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