Accès ouvert déclaré
2025
preprint
Study of long-term spectral evolution and X-ray and Gamma-ray correlation of blazars seen by HAWC
Ruben Alfaro, C. Alvarez, Amado Andrés, J. C. Arteaga‐Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A. Ayala Solares, Rishi Pramod Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, A. Bernal, Karen Salomé Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, F. Carreón, S. Casanova, U. Cotti, Jorge Cotzomi, Sara Coutiño de León, E. De la Fuente, Davide Depaoli, N. Di Lalla, R. Diaz Hernandez, B. L. Dingus, M. A. DuVernois, Mora Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, Kristi Engel, Cristóbal M. Espinoza, Kwok Lung Fan, N. Fraija, Sara Fraija, J. A. García-González, Fernando Garfias, A. Gonzalez Muñoz, M. M. González, J. A. Goodman, S. Groetsch, J. P. Harding, Sergio Hernández Cadena, I. Herzog, D. Huang, F. Hueyotl‐Zahuantitla, A. Iriarte, V. Joshi, S. Kaufmann, David B Kieda, Alejandro Lara, W. H. Lee, J. S. H. Lee, H. León Vargas, Jim Linnemann, Anna Lia Longinotti, Gilgamesh Luis-Raya, K. Malone, O. Martinez, Israel Martinez-Castellanos, J. Martínez-Castro, J. A. Matthews, P. Miranda-Romagnoli, Jorge Alexis Montes, E. Moreno, M. Mostafá, A. Nayerhoda, Lukas Nellen, M. U. Nisa, R. Noriega-Papaqui, N. Omodei, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, Y. Pérez Araujo, E. G. Pérez‐Pérez, C. D. Rho, D. Rosa-González, Edna Ruiz-Velasco, H. Salazar, D. Salazar-Gallegos, A. Sandoval, M. Schneider, José Erandi Serna-Franco, A. J. Smith, Y. Son, R. W. Springer, O. Tibolla, K. Tollefson, I. Torres, R. Torres-Escobedo, Rhiannon M. Turner, F. Ureña-Mena, Enrique Varela, L. Villaseñor, X. Wang, I. J. Watson, Katherine E. Whitaker, Elijah Job Willox, Sohyoun L. Yun-Carcamo, Hongyan Zhou, C. de León, A. Falcone, Fredric Hancock
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Le résumé fourni par la source
The HAWC Observatory collected 6 years of extensive data, providing an ideal platform for long-term monitoring of blazars in the Very High Energy (VHE) band, without bias towards specific flux states. HAWC continuously monitors blazar activity at TeV energies, focusing on sources with a redshift of {z \lt 0.3}, based on the Third Fermi-LAT Catalog of High-Energy sources. We specifically focused our analysis on Mrk 421 and Mrk 501, as they are the brightest blazars observed by the HAWC Observatory. With a dataset of 2143 days, this work significantly extends the monitoring previously published, which was based on 511 days of observation. By utilizing HAWC data for the VHE γ-ray emission in the 300 GeV to 100 TeV energy range, in conjunction with Swift-XRT data for the 0.3 to 10 keV X-ray emission, we aim to explore potential correlations between these two bands. For Mrk 501, we found evidence of a long-term correlation. Additionally, we identified a period in the light curve where the flux was very low for more than two years. On the other hand, our analysis of Mrk 421 measured a strong linear correlation for quasi-simultaneous observations collected by HAWC and Swift-XRT. This result is consistent with a linear dependence and a multiple-zone synchrotron self-Compton model to explain the X-ray and the γ-ray emission. Finally, as suggested by previous findings, we confirm a harder-when-brighter behavior in the spectral evolution of the flux properties for Mrk 421. These findings contribute to the understanding of blazar emissions and their underlying mechanisms.
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