Seismic response and damage model analysis of rocky slopes with weak interlayers

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Abstract A large-scale shaking table test of an anti-dip rock slope with a weak interlayer is conducted based on the Hongshiyan landslide induced by the Ludian earthquake. The dynamic failure mode energy damage identification method is analyzed using the Hilbert–Huang transformation and marginal spectrum theory. The result shows that the weak interlayer under horizontal loading amplifies the 5–10 and 25–30 Hz frequency signal and attenuates the 15–20 Hz signal. Within the hard rock, it amplifies the 5–15 Hz frequency signal and attenuates the 20–30 Hz signal. Under vertical loading, both weak interlayer and hard rock have an amplification effect on 5–30 Hz signal, and the amplification effect of weak interlayer is more significant. The horizontal seismic wave slope damage process can be divided into two stages: internal damage and obvious failure. When the horizontal seismic input amplitude reaches 0.2–0.3 g, internal damage occurs in the slope. The slope damage is primarily concentrated below two-third of the hard rock height and primarily in the shallow and surface regions of the slope. An input amplitude in the range of 0.4–0.5 g corresponds to the obvious failure stage. At this time, the slope first undergoes an obvious rupture in the rock above the weak layer; this rupture then extends upward to the top of the slope. Marginal spectral analysis results are consistent with the field model slope macroscopic rupture phenomenon.

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