Improved refractive index sensitivity with gold-coated D-shaped coreless fiber sensors

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This paper demonstrates an optical fiber sensor using a side-polishing technique to create a D-shaped coreless fiber (DSCF) sensor coated with a 50 nm thick gold Nano layer (Au-NL). The aim is to enhance the sensor's ability to detect the refractive index (RI) of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions at various concentrations. Different lengths of the DSCF sensor (DSCFL) in the range from 1 cm to 2 cm in a step of 0.5 cm with polishing depth (PD) equal to 31 µm were fabricated and examined to determine the optimal configuration for the Au-NL coated DSCF sensor. This study tested NaCl solutions with RIs ranging from 1.33 to 1.38 RIU. The results showed a superior sensitivity of 228.5 nm /RIU, an RI resolution of 8.753 × 10-5 RIU, and a linear regression coefficient (R2) of 98.29%. This sensor demonstrated a quick response to RI changes within this range. The future of RI DSCF sensors with Au-NL coatings appears promising due to their excellent sensitivity, stability, linearity, and repeatability. Therefore, there is a possibility of its use in biological and chemical applications and environmental pollution.

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