The burden of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) on patient experience and patient-reported outcomes (PROs): findings from the EXPLORE XLRP-2 study

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BACKGROUND/AIMS: X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) is considered one of the most severe forms of retinitis pigmentosa (RP), accounting for 5-15% of all RP cases and primarily affecting males. However, the real-world humanistic impacts of this disease on patients are poorly investigated, especially with respect to burdens faced by patients with varying disease severities. METHODS: EXPLORE XLRP-2 was an exploratory, multicentre, non-interventional study. A retrospective chart review was conducted to collect clinical/demographic data, including XLRP clinical stage (mild, moderate or severe). Cross-sectional surveys were used to gather experiences directly from patients by validated and modified patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS: 176 patients with XLRP caused by retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) gene mutation were enrolled, of whom 169 were included in analyses. 81% of patients were male, mean (SD) age was 39.3 (17.61) years, and 20 adolescents were included. Mean age (SD) at genetic confirmation was 33.4 years (17.98), and the mean duration (SD) from initial symptoms to genetic diagnosis was 16.4 (15.66) years. Compared with patients with mild disease, patients with severe XLRP are more likely to experience difficulties with functioning in low luminance, depression, unemployment, productivity issues, mobility and daily activities. CONCLUSION: This is the first real-world study to collect data directly from patients on the burden of XLRP and to correlate that burden with disease stage. As a result, several areas of significant burden, especially for patients with severe disease, have been identified that should provide focus for future public policies and therapeutic prospects.

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