The Role of Ultrasound Measuring of Umbilical Cord Thickness and Laboratory HbA1c Levels for Prediction of Fetal Birth Weight in General Population

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Background: The physical and emotional connection between the mother and fetus is thought to be represented by the umbilical cord. This structure removes waste products from the fetal circulation maternally, facilitating the flow of oxygen and nutrients from the maternal circulation into the fetal circulation. Aim and objectives: To examine and compare the relationship between fetal birth weight and general population hemoglobin A1C (HBA1C) levels and umbilical cord thickness. Subjects and methods: This study is a descriptive study conducted on 300 patients (according to statistics and sample size calculation) who will attend the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of Al-Azhar University Hospitals from 1/10 /2022 to 1/5/2023. Result: The study shows the most significant results at the age of 30-31 weeks, showing a p-value of 0.02 in the correlation between HBA1C and fetal birth weight, which is highly significant statistically with a weak linear correlation of 0.32 and a p-value of 0.0007 in the correlation between cord thickness and fetal birth weight which is highly significant statistically with moderate strength linear correlation 0.345 at the scan of fetal age between 30-31 weeks. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between birth weight and umbilical cord components. For the control group, there was a noteworthy correlation between birth weight and umbilical cord components. Predicting macrosomic and low birth weight fetuses is more accurate if the estimated fetal weight is paired with components of the umbilical cord.

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