Possibilities of using bacterial lysates in the treatment and prevention of upper respiratory tract infectious diseases

Le résumé fourni par la source

The significant prevalence of respiratory diseases and the high frequency of antibiotic prescriptions for these patients highlight the relevance of new approaches in treating and preventing upper respiratory tract (URT) infections. One such direction is immunocorrective therapy using microbial-origin preparations (bacterial lysates), which stimulate the immune system and have dual action (specific — «vaccinating» and non-specific — immunostimulating), accompanied by the formation of local protective reactions in the mucous membrane of the URT. Objective. Analysis and summary of published data on the significance of topical bacterial lysates in contemporary treatment and prevention algorithms for acute and chronic upper respiratory tract infections. Material and methods. We analyzed publications indexed in Medline, Embase, and PubMed databases. The materials were selected using keywords such as UTR infections, immunotherapy, immunoprophylaxis, topical bacterial lysates, and Imudon. Results. Topical bacterial lysates, which are preparations consisting of a mixture of antigens from inactivated bacteria — the most common causative agents of infectious diseases — act directly at the site of inflammation without negatively impacting the human microbiome. They have a high safety profile, combine well with other medications, and can be used in patients of various ages. Using the topical immunomodulator Imudon in patients with URT infections helps reduce the frequency of acute episodes and exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases, significantly decrease their duration, lessen the severity, and prevent the development of complications. In addition to its high efficacy, Imudon preparation has been well tolerated. Conclusion. Topical immunotherapy has a distinct preventive effect, helping to avert potential complications and improving the quality of life for patients. This allows for the inclusion of the topical immunomodulator Imudon in the comprehensive treatment of acute infections and the prevention of recurrent URT infections.

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